实证主义是一个在当代犯罪学理论和方法论的方法。实在法学派认为,人类行为是由生物、心理和社会因素和力量。这些因素和部队被称为个人病理学阻止个体的决策和控制能力,并导致行为问题(白色&海恩斯。向法律定义,犯罪定义为个体病理遵守法律和符合社会的道德共识。实证主义方法在犯罪学研究罪犯之间的特征差异,而不是犯罪行为作为分析的重点。同时,实证主义决定了这些差异对criminalit会导致一个人。实在法学派认为,这些特征可以诊断和治疗观察处理和删除的因素和力量,导致侵犯行为发生。在实证主义的世界观,科学被认为是真理的方式,充分理解世界,这样我们可以预测和控制它。世界和宇宙是决定性的,他们由因果定律,我们可以辨别,如果我们应用科学方法的独特方法。科学在很大程度上是一种机械的或机械的事情。我们用演绎推理假设理论,我们可以测试。基于我们的研究结果,我们可以知道我们的理论不符合事实,所以我们需要修改我们的理论来更好地预测现实。实证主义认为在经验主义的观点观察和测量是科学事业的核心。科学方法是实验的关键方法,试图通过直接操作和观察辨别自然法则。
英国犯罪学论文代写:犯罪学理论
Positivism is a theoretical and methodological approach in contemporary criminology. Positivists believe that human behavior is shaped by biological, psychological or social factors and forces. These factors and forces are called individual pathology which deter the decision-making and control ability of an individual and results in behavioral problems. To extend to legal definition, crime is defined as individual pathology to obey law and to conform to moral consensus of the society. Positivism approach in criminology examines the trait distinctions between offenders, rather than on the criminal acts as the focus of analysis. Also, positivism determines how these differences predispose a person towards criminalit. Positivists believed that these traits observed can be diagnosed and treated by dealing with and removing the factors and forces that cause the offending behavior to occur.In a positivist view of the world, science was seen as the way to get at truth, to understand the world well enough so that we might predict and control it. The world and the universe were deterministic — they operated by laws of cause and effect that we could discern if we applied the unique approach of the scientific method. Science was largely a mechanistic or mechanical affair. We use deductive reasoning to postulate theories that we can test. Based on the results of our studies, we may learn that our theory doesn’t fit the facts well and so we need to revise our theory to better predict reality. The positivist believed in empiricism — the idea that observation and measurement was the core of the scientific endeavor. The key approach of the scientific method is the experiment, the attempt to discern natural laws through direct manipulation and observation.
